Curriculum Vitae

Employment

Biostatistical Consultant, Sandra Ham Consulting, Buffalo, NY, 2020–Present.

Independent Scholar, Chicago, IL and Buffalo, NY, 2010–Present.

Adjunct Lecturer, Dietetics Department, SUNY Buffalo State University, Buffalo, NY, 2022–2023.

Senior Statistician, Center for Health and the Social Sciences (CHeSS), University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 2012–2020.

Epidemiology, Evaluation, and Strategy Consultant, Sandra Ham Consulting, Chicago, IL, 2010–2013.

Health Statistician, Division of Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Obesity (DNPAO), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, GA, 2000–2008.

Health Care Analyst 4, contractor at CDC, Division of Nutrition and Physical Activity (DNPA), TRW Systems & Information Technology Group, Atlanta, GA, 1999–2000.

Manufacturing Process Engineer, Tredegar Film Products, LaGrange, GA, 1997–1999.

Interim Technical Supervisor, Tredegar Film Products, LaGrange, GA, 1998.

Manufacturing Engineer, Bostik, Middleton, MA, 1993–1995.

Manufacturing Engineer and Environment & Safety Specialist, Nu-Kote International, Rochester, NY, 1990–1993.

Engineering Co-op Student, Moog, Inc., East Aurora, NY, 1988–1989.

High School Engineering Co-op Student, General Motors Corporation, Lockport, NY, 1986–1988.

Education

University of Chicago, A.M. in Divinity, 2010.

Cornell University, M.S. in Nutrition, 1997.

Kettering University, B.S. in Mechanical Engineering, 1993.

Academic and Government Service

United States Conference of Catholic Bishops (USCCB). Participant and small group facilitator in the Synodal Path Listening Sessions with Theologians, 2024.

Readers of First Things (ROFTers) discussion group, Buffalo, New York. Founding leader, 2023–Present.

Journal referee: Academic Pediatrics, Frontiers in Pharmacology, The Independent Scholar, Heliyon, Journal of Physical Activity and Health, Current Therapeutic Research, Open Public Health Journal, among others.

System Dynamics Society, 2021–Present.

H-Net Networks, 2019­­–Present.

  • Member, Editorial Affairs Committee, H-Net Networks, 2024–2025.
  • Co-editor, H-Scholar network, 2019­­–Present.

National Coalition of Independent Scholars (NCIS), 2019­­–Present.

  • Member, Website Redesign Workgroup, 2023–2024.
  • Secretary, 2022–2024.
  • Conference session chair, 2019.

College Theology Society (CTS), 2017–Present.

Consortium to Lower Obesity in Chicago Children (CLOCC), Chicago, IL. Member, 2011–2014.

Chicagoland Evaluation Association (CEA), Chicago, IL. Co-chair, Strategic Planning Committee,  2011–2012.

American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) American Fitness Index. Participant in a Delphi Method to develop an index to measure the health status of a community with specific emphasis on physical activity, 2008.

22nd Annual AUM Business Economics Forum, Montgomery, AL. Presented Employee Wellness Programs: National Objectives & Case Studies that Work. October, 2004.

Department of Health and Human Services (USDHHS), 2002–2008.

  • Member, Federal Interagency Workgroup, Healthy People 2020 Working Group for Vision, Mission, and Goals, 2007–2008.
  • CDC Point of Contact, Healthy People 2010 Working Group for Physical Activity and Fitness, 2002–2008.
  • Coordinator, Healthy People 2010 Midcourse Review chapter for Physical Activity and Fitness, 2006.
  • Co-organizer, Healthy People 2010 Progress Review for Physical Activity and Fitness, 2006. At the time, this was the most diverse gathering to date of agency heads in the federal government for the review of public health objectives.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), 2001–2008.

Teaching and Lectures (* denotes invited)

SUNY Buffalo State University

  • Epidemiology, Spring 2023. *

University of Chicago

  • SAS Programming (one-on-one), 2017–2019. *
  • Lecture, “Large Datasets: Working with Claims,” in the medical school course, Fundamentals of Health Services Research: Theory, Methods, and Applications, Summer 2018 and Summer 2019. *
  • Lecture, “Social Sequence Analysis: An Overview,” in the Computational Social Science Methods Workshop, 2015. *
  • Guest lecture, the “Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System and Healthy People National Health Objectives,” in a training course for visiting physicians from Khazakstan, Fall 2012 and Spring 2013. *
  • Guest lecture, “The Rise of Christianity,” in the interdisciplinary philosophy of science course, Biological and Cultural Evolution, Winter 2010. *

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)

  • Pre-conference workshop, “Using Cognitive Aspects of Survey Methodology (CASM) and Personal Contextual Factors to Evaluate and Improve Survey Questions,” at the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) Annual Meeting, 2008.
  • Mini-lectures on various technical aspects of physical activity measurement, surveillance, and Healthy People 2010 objectives, in quarterly training updates for the Physical Activity and Health Branch (PAHB) in staff meetings, 2002–2008.
  • Ad hoc lectures on various aspects of physical activity measurement, surveillance, and Healthy People 2010 objectives, in half-day and day-long presentations of the scope of activities of the Physical Activity and Health Branch (PAHB) for visiting guests at the CDC, 2001–2008.
  • Mini-course on cognitive aspects of survey methodology (CASM) for everyday physical activities, in research team meetings, 2007–2008.
  • Lecture, “Using Physical Activity Public Health Data and Other Scientific Information,” in the Division of Nutrition and Physical Activity, Physical Activity and Health Branch “In-House” Introductory Physical Activity Workshop for CDC, 2006.
  • Pre-conference workshop, “Physical Activity Survey Questions,” at the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) Annual Meeting, 2006.

Cornell University

  • As Instructor
    • Ballroom Dancing, in the Physical Education department, Summer 1997. *
  • As Teaching Assistant
    • Biology of Normal and Abnormal Behavior, Fall 1995.
    • Introduction to Nutrition, Spring 1996.
Publications (* denotes invited)

BOOK CHAPTERS

1. Ham, Sandra A. “Technical Writing and Effective Communication: Argumentation Strategies.” In NCIS Guide for Independent Scholars, edited by Amanda Haste and Linda Baines, 124-44. South Bend, IN: National Coalition of Independent Scholars, 2024. https://www.ncis.org/sites/default/files/NCIS-Guide-for-Independent-Scholars.pdf *

2. Ham, Sandra A. “Ecological Interconnections and Interactions: A Tamarin’s Architectural Tour of a Brazilian Rainforest.” In Interactive World, Interactive God, edited by Carol Rausch Albright, John R. Albright, and Mladen Turk, 98–112. Eugene, OR: Cascade Books, 2017. *

3.Ham, Sandra A. as contributing author. Promoting Physical Activity: A Guide for Community Action, second edition, edited by David R. Brown, Gregory W. Heath, and Sarah Levin Martin. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics, 2010. *

4. Epping, Jacqueline, Sandra Ham, Judy Kruger, Christine Spain, Tammy Vehige, Jane Wargo, and Michelle M Yore. “Physical Activity and Fitness.” In Healthy People 2010 Mid-Course Review. Washington, D.C.: Department of Health and Human Services, 2006.

5. Bull, Fiona C, Timothy P Armstrong, Tracy Dixon, Sandra Ham, Andrea Neiman, Michael Pratt, and others. “Physical Inactivity.” In Comparative Quantification of Health Risks Global and Regional Burden of Disease Attributable to Selected Major Risk Factors. Geneva: World Health Organization, 729–881, 2004.

THEOLOGY AND SCIENCE

1. Ham, Sandra A. “Amoris Laetitia and Haidt’s Moral Elevation.” Horizons 66 (2020): 112–23.

2. Ham, Sandra A. “Spirituality in Christian Transhumanism: Commentary on Cole-Turner, Green, and Cannon.” Theology and Science 14, no. 2 (April 2016): 202–17. https://doi.org/10.1080/14746700.2016.1156331. *

SCIENTIFIC WORKS

Government Reports

3. U.S. National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Nutrition and Physical Activity. “Table 200. Percentage of Adults Engaging in Leisure-Time, Transportation-Related and Household-Related Physical Activity: 2005.” In U.S. Census Bureau, ed. Statistical Abstract of the United States: 2008. (127th Edition) Washington, DC: Government Printing Office, 2007.

4. Sandra Ham. Statistical tables for Physical Activity and Inactivity and Body Mass Index (BMI), BMI categories.  In WHO Global NCD Infobase. Geneva: World Health Organization, 2007.

5. Epping, Jacqueline, Sandra Ham, Judy Kruger, Christine Spain, Tammy Vehige, Jane Wargo, and Michelle M Yore. “Physical Activity and Fitness.” In Healthy People 2010 Mid-Course Review. Washington, D.C.: Department of Health and Human Services, 2006.

6. U.S. National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Nutrition and Physical Activity. “Table 199. Percentage of Adults Engaging in Leisure-Time, Transportation-Related and Household-Related Physical Activity: 2005.” In U.S. Census Bureau, ed. Statistical Abstract of the United States: 2007. (126th Edition) Washington, DC: Government Printing Office, 2006.

7. Sandra Ham. Statistical tables for Physical Activity and Inactivity, Fruit and Vegetable Intake, Body Mass Index (BMI), BMI categories, Alcohol Binge, Heavy Drinker, Diabetes, Hypertension, Current Daily Smoker, Occasional Smoker, Raised Cholesterol, Mean Cholesterol, Mean SBP.  In WHO Global NCD Infobase. Geneva: World Health Organization, 2005.

8. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). “Adult Participation in Recommended Levels of Physical Activity–United States, 2001 and 2003.” MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report 54, no. 47 (2005): 1208–12. https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5447a3.htm.

9. Kruger, Judy, Sandra A. Ham, and Harold W. Kohl III. “Trends in Leisure-Time Physical Inactivity by Age, Sex, and Race/Ethnicity—United States, 1994–2004.” Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report 54, no. 39 (2005): 991–94. https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5439a5.htm.

10. Kruger, J., S. A. Ham, H. W. Kohl III, and S. Sapkota. “Physical Activity among Asians and Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islanders—50 States and the District of Columbia, 2001–2003.” Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report 53, no. 33 (2004): 756–60. https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5333a2.htm.

11. Bull, Fiona C, Timothy P Armstrong, Tracy Dixon, Sandra Ham, Andrea Neiman, Michael Pratt, and others. “Physical Inactivity.” In Comparative Quantification of Health Risks Global and Regional Burden of Disease Attributable to Selected Major Risk Factors. Geneva: World Health Organization, 729–881, 2004.

12. Macera CA, DA Jones, MM Yore, SA Ham, HW Kohl, CD Kimsey, Jr, D Buchner. “New Physical Activity Measures Include Lifestyle Activities—United States, 2000–2001.” Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report 52, no. 32 (2003): 764–68.

13. Sandra Ham. “Physical Inactivity.” In The SuRF Report 1: Surveillance of Risk Factors related to noncommunicable diseases: Current status of global data. WHO Global NCD Infobase. Geneva: World Health Organization, 2003.

14. Macera CA, DA Jones, MM Yore, SA Ham, HW Kohl, CD Kimsey, Jr, D Buchner. “Prevalence of Physical Activity, Including Lifestyle Activities among Adults—United States, 2000-2001.” Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report 52, no. 32 (2003): 744–749. https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5232a2.htm.

15. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). “Physical Activity Trends–United States, 1990-1998.” MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report 50, no. 9 (2001): 166–69. https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5009a3.htm.

Social Sciences, Psychology, and Health

16. Huang, Shay X., Sandra A. Ham, Merlin Varghese, and John D. Yoon. “Moral Elevation, Physician Role Models, and Selected Markers of Professional Identity Formation and Well-Being: A Secondary Analysis from Two National Surveys.” Southern Medical Journal 115, no. 2 (2022): 129–35.

17. Caldwell, Hannah D., Sandra A. Ham, Christopher D. Mattson, James N. Woodruff, and Wei Wei Lee. “Longitudinal Assessment of Personal and Professional Development Competencies in Medical Students.” Journal of General Internal Medicine 36, no. 8 (August 2021): 2506–8. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11606-020-05969-x.

18. Miksanek, Tyler J., M. Reza Skandari, Sandra A. Ham, Wei Wei Lee, Valerie G. Press, Marie T. Brown, and Neda Laiteerapong. “The Productivity Requirements of Implementing a Medical Scribe Program.” Annals of Internal Medicine 174, no. 1 (January 2021): 1–7. https://doi.org/10.7326/M20-0428.

19. Present, Matthew A., Aviva G. Nathan, Sandra A. Ham, Robert M. Sargis, Michael T. Quinn, Elbert S. Huang, and Neda Laiteerapong. “The Impact of the Affordable Care Act Medicaid Expansion on Type 2 Diabetes Diagnosis and Treatment: A National Survey of Physicians.” Journal of Community Health 44, no. 3 (June 2019): 463–72. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10900-019-00637-6.

20. Leffel, G. Michael, Ross A. Oakes Mueller, Sandra A. Ham, Kyle E. Karches, Farr A. Curlin, and John D. Yoon. “Project on the Good Physician: Further Evidence for the Validity of a Moral Intuitionist Model of Virtuous Caring.” Teaching and Learning in Medicine 30, no. 3 (September 2018): 303–16. https://doi.org/10.1080/10401334.2017.1414608.

21. Huber, Michael T., Sandra A. Ham, Muneeba Qayyum, Lana Akkari, Tokunboh Olaosebikan, Joseph Abraham, and John D. Yoon. “Association between Job Factors, Burnout, and Preference for a New Job: A Nationally Representative Physician Survey.” Journal of General Internal Medicine 33, no. 6 (June 2018): 789–91. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11606-018-4412-z.

22. Sobowale, Kunmi, Sandra A. Ham, Farr A. Curlin, and John D. Yoon. “Personality Traits Are Associated with Academic Achievement in Medical School: A Nationally Representative Study.” Academic Psychiatry 42, no. 3 (June 2018): 338–45. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40596-017-0766-5.

23. O’Connell, Thomas F., Sandra A. Ham, Theodore G. Hart, Farr A. Curlin, and John D. Yoon. “A National Longitudinal Survey of Medical Students’ Intentions to Practice Among the Underserved.” Academic Medicine: Journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges 93, no. 1 (January 2018): 90–97. https://doi.org/10.1097/ACM.0000000000001816.

24. Yoon, John D., Sandra A. Ham, Shalini T. Reddy, and Farr A. Curlin. “Role Models’ Influence on Specialty Choice for Residency Training: A National Longitudinal Study.” Journal of Graduate Medical Education 10, no. 2 (2018): 149–54.

25. Leffel, G. Michael, Ross A. Oakes Mueller, Sandra A. Ham, Farr A. Curlin, and John D. Yoon. “Project on the Good Physician: A Proposal for a Moral Intuitionist Model of Virtuous Caring.” Teaching and Learning in Medicine 29, no. 1 (2017): 75–84. https://doi.org/10.1080/10401334.2016.1205497.

26. McKillip, R. P., B. A. Borden, P. Galecki, S. A. Ham, L. Patrick-Miller, J. P. Hall, S. Hussain, et al. “Patient Perceptions of Care as Influenced by a Large Institutional Pharmacogenomic Implementation Program.” Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics 102, no. 1 (2017): 106–14. https://doi.org/10.1002/cpt.586.

27. Deaner, Robert O., David C. Geary, David A. Puts, Sandra A. Ham, Judy Kruger, Elizabeth Fles, Bo Winegard, and Terry Grandis. “A Sex Difference in the Predisposition for Physical Competition: Males Play Sports Much More than Females Even in the Contemporary U.S.” PloS One 7, no. 11 (2012): e49168. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0049168.*

Medicine

28. Shaw, Lincoln, Saira Khanna, Max J. Hyman, Sandra Ham, Andrea Blitzer, Seyedeh P. Parvar, Jackie Soo, Andrea Flores, Seenu Hariprasad, and Dimitra Skondra. “Interactions of Metformin and Other Medications in Reducing the Odds of Age-Related Macular Degeneration in a Cohort of Patients with Diabetes.” RETINA 44, no. 2 (2024): 197–204.

29. Baig, Arshiya A., Erin M. Staab, Amanda Benitez, Sarah P. Hermans, Sandra A. Ham, Wen Wan, Amanda Campbell, Cynthia T. Schaefer, and Michael T. Quinn. “Impact of Diabetes Group Visits on Patient Clinical and Self-Reported Outcomes in Community Health Centers.” BMC Endocrine Disorders 22, no. 1 (December 2022): 60. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12902-022-00972-1.

30. Wood, Aleksandar R., Sandra A. Ham, Neil Sengupta, and Dejan Micic. “Impact of Early Video Capsule Endoscopy on Hospitalization and Post-Hospitalization Outcomes: A Propensity Score-Matching Analysis.” Digestive Diseases and Sciences 67, no. 8 (August 2022): 3584–91. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10620-021-07239-0.

31. Wackerbarth, Joel J., Sandra A. Ham, Joshua Aizen, John Richgels, and Sarah F. Faris. “Persistent Opioid Usage after Urologic Intervention and the Impact of Tramadol.” Urology 157 (2021): 114–19.

32. Alali, Muayad, Michael Z. David, Sandra A. Ham, Lara Danziger-Isakov, and Jennifer Pisano. “Febrile Neutropenia Syndromes in Children: Risk Factors and Outcomes of Primary, Prolonged, and Recurrent Fever.” Journal of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology 43, no. 7 (2021): e962–71.

33. Blitzer, Andrea L., Sandra A. Ham, Kathryn A. Colby, and Dimitra Skondra. “Association of Metformin Use with Age-Related Macular Degeneration: A Case-Control Study.” JAMA Ophthalmology 139, no. 3 (2021): 302–9.

34. Cockrum, Richard H, Jackie Soo, Sandra A Ham, Kenneth S Cohen, and Shari G Snow. “Association of Progestogens and Venous Thromboembolism Among Women of Reproductive Age.” Obstetrics and Gynecology 140, no. 3 (September 1, 2022): 477–87. https://doi.org/10.1097/AOG.0000000000004896.

35. Gorman, Deirdre C., Sandra A. Ham, Erin M. Staab, Lisa M. Vinci, and Neda Laiteerapong. “Medical Assistant Protocol Improves Disparities in Depression Screening Rates.” American Journal of Preventive Medicine 61, no. 5 (2021): 692–700.

36. Liauw, Stanley L., Sandra A. Ham, Lauren C. Das, Sonali Rudra, Vignesh T. Packiam, Matthew Koshy, Ralph R. Weichselbaum, Yolanda T. Becker, Adam S. Bodzin, and Scott E. Eggener. “Prostate Cancer Outcomes Following Solid-Organ Transplantation: A SEER-Medicare Analysis.” JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute 112, no. 8 (2020): 847–54.

37. Witiw, Christopher D., Fabrice Smieliauskas, Sandra A. Ham, and Vincent C. Traynelis. “Cervical Disc Replacement: Examining ‘Real-World’ Utilization of an Emerging Technology.” Journal of Neurosurgery: Spine 32, no. 5 (2020): 689–95.

38. Zhang, Michael H., Michael P. Blair, Sandra A. Ham, and Sarah H. Rodriguez. “Two-Year Outcomes Comparing Anti-VEGF Injections to Laser for ROP Using a Commercial Claims Database.” Ophthalmic Surgery, Lasers and Imaging Retina 51, no. 9 (September 2020): 486–93. https://doi.org/10.3928/23258160-20200831-02.

39. Laiteerapong, Neda, Sandra A. Ham, Aviva G. Nathan, Robert M. Sargis, Michael T. Quinn, and Elbert S. Huang. “National Physician Survey on Glycemic Goals and Medical Decision Making for Patients with Type 2 Diabetes.” Medicine 98, no. 51 (2019). https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6940189/.

40. Laiteerapong, Neda, Sandra A. Ham, Elbert S. Huang, and Andrew J. Karter. “Response to Comment on Laiteerapong et al. The Legacy Effect in Type 2 Diabetes: Impact of Early Glycemic Control on Future Complications (The Diabetes & Aging Study). Diabetes Care 2019; 42: 416–426.” Diabetes Care 42, no. 3 (2019): e46–47.

41. Laiteerapong, Neda, Sandra A. Ham, Yue Gao, Howard H. Moffet, Jennifer Y. Liu, Elbert S. Huang, and Andrew J. Karter. “The Legacy Effect in Type 2 Diabetes: Impact of Early Glycemic Control on Future Complications (the Diabetes & Aging Study).” Diabetes Care 42, no. 3 (2019): 416–26. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc17-1144.

42. Mosenthal, William P., Haroutioun H. Boyajian, Sandra A. Ham, and Megan A. Conti Mica. “Treatment Trends, Complications, and Effects of Comorbidities on Distal Radius Fractures.” Hand 14, no. 4 (2019): 534–39. https://doi.org/10.1177/1558944717751194.

43. Nigam, Neha, Sandra A. Ham, and Neil Sengupta. “Early Colonoscopy for Diverticular Bleeding Does Not Reduce Risk of Postdischarge Recurrent Bleeding: A Propensity Score Matching Analysis.” Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology 17, no. 6 (2019): 1105–11.

44. Sengupta, Neil, Ariela L. Marshall, Blake A. Jones, Sandra Ham, and Elliot B. Tapper. “Rebleeding vs Thromboembolism After Hospitalization for Gastrointestinal Bleeding in Patients on Direct Oral Anticoagulants.” Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology: The Official Clinical Practice Journal of the American Gastroenterological Association, May 15, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cgh.2018.05.005.

45. Mokhlesi, Babak, Sandra A. Ham, and David Gozal. “The Effect of Sex and Age on the Comorbidity Burden of OSA: An Observational Analysis from a Large Nationwide US Health Claims Database.” The European Respiratory Journal 47, no. 4 (April 2016): 1162–69. https://doi.org/10.1183/13993003.01618-2015.

46. Gozal, David, Sandra A. Ham, and Babak Mokhlesi. “Sleep Apnea and Cancer: Analysis of a Nationwide Population Sample.” Sleep 39, no. 8 (January 2016): 1493–1500. https://doi.org/10.5665/sleep.6004.

47. Richards, Kyle A., Sandra Ham, Joshua A. Cohn, and Gary D. Steinberg. “Urinary Tract Infection-like Symptom Is Associated with Worse Bladder Cancer Outcomes in the Medicare Population: Implications for Sex Disparities.” International Journal of Urology: Official Journal of the Japanese Urological Association 23, no. 1 (January 2016): 42–47. https://doi.org/10.1111/iju.12959.

48. Langerman, Alexander, Sandra A. Ham, Jennifer Pisano, Joseph Pariser, Samuel F. Hohmann, and David O. Meltzer. “Laryngectomy Complications Are Associated with Perioperative Antibiotic Choice.” Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery: Official Journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 153, no. 1 (July 2015): 60–68. https://doi.org/10.1177/0194599815583641.

49. Lam, Sandi, Dominic Harris, Brandon G. Rocque, and Sandra A. Ham. “Pediatric Endoscopic Third Ventriculostomy: A Population-Based Study.” Journal of Neurosurgery. Pediatrics 14, no. 5 (November 2014): 455–64. https://doi.org/10.3171/2014.8.PEDS13680.

50. Hougham, Gavin W., Sandra A. Ham, Gregory W. Ruhnke, Elizabeth Schulwolf, Andrew D. Auerbach, Jeffrey L. Schnipper, Peter J. Kaboli, et al. “Sequence Patterns in the Resolution of Clinical Instabilities in Community-Acquired Pneumonia and Association with Outcomes.” Journal of General Internal Medicine 29, no. 4 (April 2014): 563–71. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11606-013-2626-7.

Physical Activity Epidemiology and Public Health

51. Whitt-Glover, Melicia C., Sandra A. Ham, and Antronette K. Yancey. “Instant Recess®: A Practical Tool for Increasing Physical Activity during the School Day.” Progress in Community Health Partnerships: Research, Education, and Action 5, no. 3 (2011): 289–97. https://doi.org/10.1353/cpr.2011.0031.

52. Ham, Sandra A., Judy Kruger, and Catrine Tudor-Locke. “Participation by US Adults in Sports, Exercise, and Recreational Physical Activities.” Journal of Physical Activity & Health 6, no. 1 (January 2009): 6–14.

53. Kruger, Judy, Sandra A. Ham, and Thomas R. Prohaska. “Behavioral Risk Factors Associated with Overweight and Obesity among Older Adults: The 2005 National Health Interview Survey.” Preventing Chronic Disease 6, no. 1 (January 2009): A14.

54. Ham, Sandra A, Sarah Martin, and Harold W Kohl. “Changes in the Percentage of Students Who Walk or Bike to School-United States, 1969 and 2001.” Journal of Physical Activity & Health 5, no. 2 (2008): 205–15.

55. Kruger, Judy, Sandra A. Ham, David Berrigan, and Rachel Ballard-Barbash. “Prevalence of Transportation and Leisure Walking among U.S. Adults.” Preventive Medicine 47, no. 3 (September 2008): 329–34. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2008.02.018.

56. Kruger, Judy, Sandra A. Ham, and Serena Sanker. “Physical Inactivity during Leisure Time among Older Adults–Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, 2005.” Journal of Aging and Physical Activity 16, no. 3 (July 2008): 280–91.

57. Ham, Sandra A., Michelle M. Yore, Judy Kruger, Gregory W. Heath, and Refilwe Moeti. “Physical Activity Patterns among Latinos in the United States: Putting the Pieces Together.” Preventing Chronic Disease 4, no. 4 (October 2007): A92.

58. Kruger, Judy, Sandra A. Ham, and Harold W. Kohl III. “Characteristics of a” Weekend Warrior”: Results from Two National Surveys.” Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise 39, no. 5 (2007): 796–800.

59. Ham, Sandra A., and Jacqueline Epping. “Dog Walking and Physical Activity in the United States.” Preventing Chronic Disease 3, no. 2 (April 2006): A47.

60. Ham, Sandra A., Caroline A. Macera, and Corina Lindley. “Trends in Walking for Transportation in the United States, 1995 and 2001.” Preventing Chronic Disease 2, no. 4 (October 2005): A14.

61. Brown, David R, Michelle M Yore, Sandra A Ham, and Caroline A Macera. “Physical Activity among Adults >= 50 Yr with and without Disabilities, BRFSS 2001.” Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 37, no. 4 (2005): 620–29.

62. Macera, Caroline A., Sandra A. Ham, Michelle M. Yore, Deborah A. Jones, Barbara E. Ainsworth, C. Dexter Kimsey, and Harold W. Kohl. “Prevalence of Physical Activity in the United States: Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, 2001.” Preventing Chronic Disease 2, no. 2 (April 2005): A17.

63. Ham, Sandra A., Sarah Levin, Amy I. Zlot, Richard R. Andrews, and Rebecca Miles. “Ranking of Cities According to Public Health Criteria: Pitfalls and Opportunities.” American Journal of Public Health 94, no. 4 (April 2004): 546–49.

64. Kerr, Nicole Angelique, Michelle M. Yore, Sandra A. Ham, and William H. Dietz. “Increasing Stair Use in a Worksite through Environmental Changes.” American Journal of Health Promotion 18, no. 4 (March 2004): 312–15. https://doi.org/10.4278/0890-1171-18.4.312.

65. Ham, SA, CA Macera, DA Jones, BE Ainsworth, and KM Turczyn. “Variations on a Theme: Measuring Physical Activity in Different Socioeconomic Groups.” Journal of Physical Activity and Health 1, no. 1 (2004): 98–113.

66. Hootman, Jennifer M, Caroline A Macera, Sandra A Ham, Charles G Helmick, and Joseph Sniezek. “Physical Activity Levels among the General US Adult Population and in Adults with and without Arthritis.” Arthritis Care & Research 49, no. 1 (2003): 129–35.

Scientific Measurement of Physical Activity

67. Ham, Sandra A., and Barbara E. Ainsworth. “Disparities in Data on Healthy People 2010 Physical Activity Objectives Collected by Accelerometry and Self-Report.” American Journal of Public Health 100 Suppl 1 (April 1, 2010): S263-268. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2009.180075.

68. Fan, Amy Z., Sandra A. Ham, Shravani Reddy Muppidi, and Ali H. Mokdad. “Validation of Reported Physical Activity for Cholesterol Control Using Two Different Physical Activity Instruments.” Vascular Health and Risk Management 5 (2009): 649–61.

69. Pettee, Kelley K., Sandra A. Ham, Caroline A. Macera, and Barbara E. Ainsworth. “The Reliability of a Survey Question on Television Viewing and Associations with Health Risk Factors in US Adults.” Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) 17, no. 3 (March 2009): 487–93. https://doi.org/10.1038/oby.2008.554.

70. Fan, Amy Z, Sandra A Ham, Carma Ayala, and Nora Keenan. “Assessment with Two Instruments of the Efforts to Follow Physician Advice to Increase Physical Activity Levels Among Hypercholesterolemic Adults.” Diabetes 56 (2007).

71. Yore, Michelle M, Sandra A Ham, Barbara E Ainsworth, Judy Kruger, Jared P Reis, HW Kohl 3rd, and Caroline A Macera. “Reliability and Validity of the Instrument Used in BRFSS to Assess Physical Activity.” Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 39, no. 8 (2007): 1267–74.

72. Ham, Sandra A, Jared P Reis, Scott J Strath, Katrina D DuBose, and Barbara E Ainsworth. “Discrepancies between Methods of Identifying Objectively Determined Physical Activity.” Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 39, no. 1 (2007): 52–58.

73. Yore, Michelle M, Sandra A Ham, Barbara E Ainsworth, Caroline A Macera, Deborah A Jones, Harold W Kohl III, and others. “Occupational Physical Activity: Reliability and Comparison of Activity Levels.” Journal of Physical Activity and Health 3, no. 358–365 (2005).

74. Strath, Scott J, David R Bassett Jr, Sandra A Ham, and Ann M Swartz. “Assessment of Physical Activity by Telephone Interview versus Objective Monitoring.” Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 35, no. 12 (2003): 2112–18.

75. Ham, Sandra A, Michelle M Yore, and Peter Mariolis. “A Comparison of Two Approaches to Modeling Health and the Environment.” In Proceedings of the Statistics Canada XIX International Methodology Symposium and Workshops: Modeling Survey Data for Social and Economic Research. Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, 2002.

76. Macera, C. A., S. A. Ham, D. A. Jones, C. D. Kimsey, B. E. Ainsworth, and L. J. Neff. “Limitations on the Use of a Single Screening Question to Measure Sedentary Behavior.” American Journal of Public Health 91, no. 12 (December 2001): 2010–12.

Presentations (* denotes invited)

Theology and Science

1. Ham, Sandra A. “Justin Martyr, Augustine of Hippo, and Francis of Assisi Mediate the Divine Through Their Pre-Conversion Secular Skills,” 69th Annual Convention of the College Theology Society, Fairfield, CT, June 2023.

2. Ham, Sandra A. “Relationships Between Dabrowski’s TPD and Christian Shepherding of Souls: A Primer,” 14th International Dabrowski Congress, August 2021.

3. Ham, Sandra A. “Amoris Laetitia and Haidt’s Moral Elevation,” 66th Annual Convention of the College Theology Society, May 2020.

4. Ham, Sandra A. “Ecological Interconnections and Interactions: A Tamarin’s Architectural Tour of a Brazilian Rainforest.” Symposium presented at the American Theological Society–Midwest (ATS–Midwest) 2018 Conference, Chicago, IL, October 2018. *

5. Ham, Sandra A. “Theological Reflection on the Traditional–Contemporary Divide in Preferences for Liturgical Music.” 64th Annual Convention of the College Theology Society, Saint Paul, MN, June 2018.

6. Ham, Sandra A. “Paradoxical Human Interiority as ‘Dormant Potentials of Capacities’: Towards a Theory of Human Agency.” Religious Perspectives and Alternative Futures in an Age of Humans, Bloomington, IN, May 2018.

7. Ham, Sandra A. “An Assessment of the Christological Bases for Evolutionary and Ecological Types of Historical Narratives.” 63rd Annual Convention of the College Theology Society, Newport, RI, May 2017.

8. Ham, Sandra A. “An Assessment of the Christological Bases for Evolutionary and Ecological Types of Historical Narratives.” Midwest Region of the American Academy of Religion, Muncie, IN, March 2017.

SCIENTIFIC MEETING PRESENTATIONS

Medicine (a selection—nearly all of the medical journal articles have work-in-progress presentations by collaborators at one conference)

Ham, Sandra A., Aviva Nathan, Neda Laiteerapong, Robert M. Sargis, Michael T. Quinn, and Elbert Huang. “Cost-Related Barriers to New Diabetes Medications—A National Physician Survey.” American Diabetes Association Scientific Sessions, Orlando, FL, June 2018.

Milner, Ross, Sandra A. Ham, and Michael Hur. “Descending Thoracic Aortic Surgery Is Common After Type A Aortic Dissection Repair: Perspectives From Thomson Reuters MarketScan Database,” 2014 Midwestern Vascular Surgical Society Annual Meeting, October 2014. In Journal of Vascular Surgery, 60, no. 4 (2014): 1111. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvs.2014.07.068.

Hougham, GW, S Ham, E Schulwolf, P Kaboli, T Wetterneck, D Gonzales, V Arora, and D Meltzer. “Sequence Patterns in the Resolution of Clinical Instabilities in Community-Acquired Pneumonia and Association with Outcomes.” Gerontological Society of America 2013 Annual Meeting, November 2013. In Gerontologist, 53:322–322. OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA, 2013.

Physical Activity Epidemiology and Public Health

9. Carlson, Susan A., Michelle M. Yore, Sandra Ham, Harold W. Kohl III. “Differences in Physical Activity Prevalence and Trends from Three National Surveys.” Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) 2007 Annual Meeting, March 2007.

10. Ham, Sandra “Future Plans for PA Surveillance.” International Congress on Physical Activity and Public Health, Atlanta, GA, April 2006. *

11. Ham, Sandra. “How to Make the Most of BRFSS Nutrition and Physical Activity Surveillance Data.” CDC Division of Nutrition and Physical Activity (DNPA) Teleconference with state health departments, August 2005. *

12. Ham, Sandra A, Michelle M Yore, Judy Kruger, and Bill Kohl. “Patterns of Insufficient Physical Activity in US Adults, 2003.” 2005 American College of Sports Medicine Annual Meeting, May 2005. In Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 37, no. 5 (2005): S328–29.

13. Ham, Sandra A, Corina Lindley, Caroline A Macera, and Harold W Kohl III. “Trends in Walking for Transportation in the United States—1995 and 2001.” 2004 American College of Sports Medicine Annual Meeting, May 2004. In Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 36, no. 5 (2004): S191.

14. Ham, Sandra A. “U.S. Measurement Studies: BRFSS /USA Data.” Health 2004 IUHPE Conference Satellite symposium: Global Physical Activity–Measurement and Surveillance, Melbourne, Australia, April 2004. *

15. Ham, Sandra A. and Jacqueline Epping. “Dog Walking in the United States, 2001.” Health 2004: World Conference on Health Promotion and Health Education (IUHPE Conference), Melbourne, Australia, April 2004.

16. Macera, C A, S A Ham, M M Yore, D A Jones, C D Kimsey, B Ainsworth, and H W Kohl 3rd. “Physical Activity Surveillance: Contributions of Moderate Intensity and Occupational Activity.” 2003 American College of Sports Medicine Annual Meeting, May 2003. In Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 35, no. 5 (2003): S114.

17. Bull, Fiona C., Timothy P Armstrong, Tracy Dixon, Sandra Ham, Andrea Neiman, and Michael Pratt. “Burden Attributable to Physical Inactivity: Examination of the 2002 World Health Report Estimates.” 2003 American College of Sports Medicine Annual Meeting, May 2003. In Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 35, no. 5 (2003): S359.

18. Bull, Fiona C., Sandra Ham, and Andrea Neiman. “Global Estimates of Physical Inactivity.” 2002 American College of Sports Medicine Annual Meeting, May 2002. In Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 34, no. 5 (2002): S216.

Scientific Measurement of Physical Activity

19. Whitt-Glover, Melicia C, Dan Heil, Lyndsey M Hornbuckle, Sandra A Ham, and Barbara E Ainsworth. “A Calibration Method to Improve the Criterion Validity of Self-Reported Physical Activity.” Annual Meeting of the Society of General Internal Medicine, May 2012. In Journal of General Internal Medicine, 27:606–606. 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA: SPRINGER, 2012.

20. Whitt-Glover, Melicia C, Dan Heil, Lyndsey M Hornbuckle, Sandra A Ham, and Barbara E Ainsworth. “A Calibration Method to Improve the Criterion Validity of Self-Reported Physical Activity: 2274: Board# 151 June 2 3:30 PM-5:00 PM.” 2011 American College of Sports Medicine Annual Meeting, May 2011. In Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 43, no. 5 (2011): 606. LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA, 2011.

21. Ham, Sandra A., Michelle M. Yore, Isa Miles, Beth Taylor, Barbara E. Ainsworth. “Rethinking the Measurement of Disparities in Physical Activity.” The Cooper Institute 2007 Scientific Conference, October 2007.

22. Ham, Sandra A. and Michelle M. Yore. “Reliability and Validity of the BRFSS Physical Activity Questions.” Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) 2006 Annual Meeting, March 2006.

23. Yore, Michelle M, Sandra A Ham, Harold W Kohl III, Barbara E Ainsworth, and Michael LaMonte. “Reliability and Validity of BRFSS Walking Questions.” 2004 American College of Sports Medicine Annual Meeting, May 2004. In Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 36, no. 5 (2004): S111.

24. Ham, S A, D R Bassett, J P Reis, S J Strath, K D DuBose, D A Jones, B E Ainsworth, and H W Kohl. “Defining Relative Intensity Physical Activity Bouts From Accelerometer Data.” 2003 American College of Sports Medicine Annual Meeting, May 2003. In Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 35, no. 5 (2003): S113.

25. Yore, M M, C D Kimsey, S A Ham, D A Jones, L Neff, C A Macera, B Ainsworth, and H W Kohl. “Validation of an Occupational Physical Activity Questionnaire in BRFSS.” 2003 American College of Sports Medicine Annual Meeting, May 2003. In Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 35, no. 5 (2003): S113.

26. Ham, S A, D A Jones, and C A Macera. “Durationless Surveillance.” 2002 American College of Sports Medicine Annual Meeting, May 2002. In Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 34, no. 5 (2002): S265.

27. Ham, Sandra A, Michelle M Yore, and Peter Mariolis. “A Comparison of Two Approaches to Modeling Health and the Environment.” Statistics Canada XIX International Methodology Symposium and Workshops: Modeling Survey Data for Social and Economic Research. Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, February 2002.

28. Ham, Sandra A, Deborah A. Jones, C. Dexter Kimsey, Caroline A. Macera. “BRFSS Physical Activity 2002.” Presented at the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) Annual Meeting, March 2001.

29. Ham, Sandra A, Deborah A. Jones, C. Dexter Kimsey, Caroline A. Macera. “From Raw Data to Public Health Messages: Using the New Physical Activity Questionnaire.” Presented at the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) Annual Meeting, March 2001.

30. Ham, S A, C A Macera, and D A Jones. “Estimates of Physical Activity Intensity in Population-Based Questionnaires.” 2001 American College of Sports Medicine Annual Meeting, May 2001. In Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 33, no. 5 (2001): S119.

31. Macera, CA, and SA Ham. “Measuring Physical Activity in Grows with Low Educational Attainment.” 2001 Society for Epidemiologic Research Conference, June 2001. In American Journal of Epidemiology, vol. 153, no. 11, pp. S259–S259. OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA, 2001.

32. Macera, CA, DA Jones, SA Ham, CD Kimsey, LJ Neff, and BE Ainsworth. “Physical Activity Surveillance in the 21 St Century.” American College of Epidemiology Annual Meeting, September 2000. In Annals of Epidemiology, 10, no. 7 (2000): 456.

Awards

System Dynamics Learning Stream Lab 3 Competition Winner, South African Chapter of the System Dynamics Society, 2024.

Assistant Secretary for Health’s Award for Outstanding Team Performance, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (USDHHS), Washington, DC, 2008.

CDC and ATSDR On the Spot Award, 2006.

CDC and ATSDR Honor Award for being a member of World Health Organisation (WHO) 2002 Assessment of Global Burden of Disease Working Group, 2002.

CDC and ATSDR Service Award, 2002.

Service Award, Mensa in Georgia, 2002.

Member of the Year, Society of Women Engineers, GMI Engineering & Management Institute Chapter, 1989.

Professional Affiliations

System Dynamics Society (SDS), 2021–Present.

National Coalition of Independent Scholars (NCIS), 2019–Present.

College Theology Society (CTS), 2017–Present.

American Theological Society in the Midwest, 2016–2019.

Center for Theology and the Natural Sciences (CTNS), 2016–2019.

American Academy of Religion (AAR), 2012–2018.

American Evaluation Association (AEA), 2012.

Chicagoland Evaluation Institute, 2011–2013.

International Association of Facilitators, North America (IAFNA), 2007–2008.

American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM), 2000–2008.

Copyright © 2024 Sandra A. Ham. All rights reserved.